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CFD stands for computational fluid dynamics (and heat transfer). As per this technique, the governing differential equations of a flow system or thermal system are known in the form of Navier–Stokes equations, thermal energy equation and species equation with an appropriate equation of state. In the past few years, CFD has been playing an increasingly important role in building design, following its continuing development for over a quarter of a century. The information provided by CFD can be used to analyse the impact of building exhausts to the environment, to predict smoke and fire risks in buildings, to quantify indoor environment quality, and to design natural ventilation systems, etc. ==Applications== Recently CFD finds very wide application in different areas of science and engineering; some examples are: * Aerodynamics of aircraft and vehicles : lift and drag * Hydrodynamics of ships * Power plant : combustion in internal combustion engines and gas turbines * Turbo machinery: Flows inside rotating passages, diffusers etc. * Electrical and electronics engineering: cooling of equipment including microcircuits. * Chemical process engineering: mixing and separation and polymer moulding. * Marine engineering: loads on off-shore structure. * Environmental engineering: distribution of pollutant and effluents. * Hydrology and oceanography: flows in rivers, estuaries and oceans. * Meteorology: weather prediction. * Biomedical engineering: blood flows through arteries and veins. * External and internal environment of buildings: wind loading, ventilation analysis and heating/cooling load calculations. In early age of construction, the most of building related issues such as ventilation analysis, wind loading, wind environment etc. were conducted by the wind tunnel tests, but today all these test can be done effectively with CFD technique. CFD technique can resolve all above mentioned issues in very short time period and it is very economical as well as strong approach than the older one (experimental):. Recently Computational fluid dynamics is used as a sophisticated airflow modelling method and can be used to predict airflow, heat transfer and contaminant transportation in and around buildings. CFD plays an important role in building design, designing a thermally-conformable, healthy and energy-efficient building. CFD can examine the effectiveness and efficiency of various Heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems by easily changing the different types and location of different components of diffuser types and locations, supply air conditions and system control schedules. Furthermore, CFD helps in developing passive heating/cooling/ventilation strategies (e.g. natural ventilation) by modelling and optimizing building site-plans and indoor layouts. Globally building sector shares approximately 40% of total energy consumption .〔 〕 In present era, there is a huge gap in energy consumption and energy production. As building sector share a huge amount of the total consumption, hence it becomes essential to investigate the optimum configuration for building to reduce the building's share of energy. In order to achieve this, CFD can play an important role. Energy simulation and CFD programs are important building design tools which are used for evaluation of building performance, including thermal comfort, indoor air quality mechanical system efficiency and energy consumption .〔 〕 . CFD in buildings mainly used for one or more followings purposes: # Thermal analysis: through walls, roof and floor of buildings # Ventilation analysis. # Orientation, site and location selection of buildings based on local geographical and environmental conditions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「CFD in buildings」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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